Ch 3 Assessment questions

Chapter 3

The goal of drill-and-practice is that students will master or learn the information without error. To be effective, it should include feedback to reinforce correct responses and to remediate errors learners might make along the way. Using this function could best give students the opportunities to match English words with their German equivalents. But we must remember that   this software function has limitations. Whereas not all students respond well to repetition, with too many items, the practice may become boring and if the student is making repeated errors than software function may be needed.

Tutorial software function may be useful if there was no teacher available to teach the topic.  In a tutorial, a tutor in the form of a person, computer software, or special printed materials presents the contents, poses questions or problems, request responses, supplies feedback and practice until the learner demonstrates a level of competence.

Simulation is an abstraction or simplification of some real-life situation or process.    It can be used when a teacher recognizes that the students need to apply their knowledge or skill in a real world situation. Demonstrating genetics principles by mating fruit flies and letting students analyze features of their offspring, simulation would be the best software.

Instructional games are most frequently used as rewards for good works. Some students do not have that powerful internal motivation to learn, but can be helped by external motivators in the form of rewards. Rather than disapproving unwanted behavior or answers, rewards correct the behavior and answers. Children are likely to continue or repeat behavior that has been rewarded.

An issue related to instructional use of games is confusing game rules with real rules. Game activity is usually understood to take place separately from the real world, occurring in a set space and time with precise rules governing game play. In a game, the rules of real life are temporarily postponed and replaced by rules that operate within the game. These rules that were made for the game are sometimes overstepped and taken out to the real world and applied.

Problem solving software is programs that focus on developing or exercising critical thinking skills by the user, rather than a specific academic discipline.

Learning Theory

The disagreement between directive and constructivist approach has been controversial. These approaches differ when they define learning and the conditions required to make learning happen along with the problems that interfere with learning. Both are based on the work of Learning Theorist where they attempt to identify Robert Gagne’s conditions of learning. Robert Gagne is a leader in building upon both behavioral and cognitive theories. He played a key role in “instructional systems” design.

 Directed approach believes that knowledge has a separate real existence of its own outside the human mind where learning happen when this knowledge is transmitted to the learner. Constructivists believe that humans construct all knowledge in their minds, so that learning happens when a learner constructs both mechanisms for learning and his or her own unique version of knowledge. . In other words, Learning is generated knowledge.

Constructivist learning models tend to focus on learning through posing problems, exploring possible answers, and developing products and presentations, problem solving and

Research skills, stress more group work than individualized work, and emphasize alternative learning and assessment methods.

 The idea of advance organizers was introduced by David Ausubel, who suggested that guides provide learners with scaffolds as ideas are organized by the learner (Gredler, 2005). He suggested that when presented before instruction, guides would help learners link the presented information with concepts and ideas they had organized in their schema.

class

My experience with technology is limited. Im able to operate a computer and do basic functions to achieve simple task. I have been introduced to some up to date things, like facebook; but i am not to fond of it myself. I look forward to enhance my abilities with technology so that I can use these tools to promote higher learning strategies with the children.

goals for EDU 271

During this course my expectation is to be able to understand and demonstrate skills related to computer technology. To learn how to incorporate current internet sites and resources to promote the learning of all children.